Marbled paper is a craft that dates back to the Middle Ages.
How it is done used to be a closely guarded secret.
In recent years there has been an explosion of interest.
A number of excellent "how-to" books are available,
and the first International Marblers Convention was held
in the fall of 2002 at the Arrowmont School of Arts and Crafts.
I first learned paper marbling from Mimi Schleicher, in 1998, at Arrowmont.
Marbled designs on paper are created by ---
(a) starting with a mixture of seaweed
and water,
(b) floating paints on the surface of the
mixture,
(c) using styluses and combs and rakes
to create patterns in those
surface paints,
(d) carefully laying a sheet of prepared paper
onto the paints to lift and capture
the design.
After rinsing and drying, the marbled paper is pressed flat and sealed with fixative.
There are a large number of well-recognized, named designs
such as peacock, snail, chevron, bouquet, gel-git, and nonpareil.
Fabric can also be marbled (particularly fine details and
brilliant colors can be achieved on silk), and other materials
such as wood can be marbled too.